Sperm Analysis
Sperm analysis is the most widely used study worldwide related to male fertility. This simple examination provides a broader view of reproductive capacity in men. It allows for a first impression of diagnosis and evaluation of the achievements of medical and surgical treatments (vasectomy – recanalization) performed during an assisted reproduction treatment.
What is a sperm analysis?
A sperm analysis is an initial examination in the male fertility study. The production of sperm in the testicle and its presence in ejaculation fluctuate according to the number of days of sexual abstinence, the use of some medications, high fever, and exposure to environmental toxins, among others.
This study evaluates the physical aspects of sperm, such as volume, PH, viscosity, and color; It also analyzes spermatozoa’s number, mobility, morphology, and vitality. Additionally, it provides valuable information on the presence of other cells, such as macrophages, lymphocytes, leukocytes, bacteria, and fungi, which can be a significant cause of infertility, depending on their number.
How is a sperm analysis performed?
For starters, the man should take a sperm sample by masturbation in a suitable container to be delivered to the laboratory.
The sperm analysis procedure must be performed with conditions representing the individual’s health and basal activity state. The World Health Organization (WHO) presents some recommendations to minimize the possible variables of sperm analysis and should be followed.
An abnormal result in sperm analysis does not necessarily indicate a health problem. This result must be confirmed with a second examination 20 days later.
Standard conditions for sampling a sperm analysis
- Absence of alcohol intake for at least four (4) days.
- Sexual abstinence greater than two (2) days and less than seven (7).
- No disease or medication intake for thirty (30) days.
- The sample can be taken at home, considering that the time between it (ejaculation) and its processing should be less than one hour. The sample must be taken by masturbation without preservatives or lubricants.
- The sample must be collected in a non-toxic plastic container, previously heated to body temperature (InSer will provide the container) and labeled with the date and the patient’s name.
Reference values of a sperm analysis
- Volume: equal to or more than 1.5 ml.
- Sperm concentration: 15 million spermatozoa/ml or more.
- Mobility: 32% or more fast or slow motile sperms (type A + B).
- Morphology (normal appearance): equal to or more than 4%.
- Vitality (live sperm): 58% or more of alive sperm.
The sperm analysis is the first step for a man and his couple to know of his reproductive health in the face of parenthood.
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